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Compare New Caledonia (2001) - Tokelau (2002)
Compare New Caledonia (2001) z Tokelau (2002)
| New Caledonia (2001) | Tokelau (2002) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none (overseas territory of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 3 provinces named Iles Loyaute, Nord, and Sud | none (territory of New Zealand) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years:
30.31% (male 31,674; female 30,416) 15-64 years: 63.95% (male 66,014; female 65,006) 65 years and over: 5.74% (male 5,548; female 6,205) (2001 est.) |
0-14 years: 42%
15-64 years: 53% 65 years and over: 5% (1996 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | vegetables; beef, deer, other livestock products | coconuts, copra, breadfruit, papayas, bananas; pigs, poultry, goats |
| Airports | 29 (2000 est.) | none; lagoon landings are possible by amphibious aircraft (2001) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total:
6 over 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 4 under 914 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
- |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | total:
23 914 to 1,523 m: 12 under 914 m: 11 (2000 est.) |
- |
| Area | total:
19,060 sq km land: 18,575 sq km water: 485 sq km |
total: 10 sq km
land: 10 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | slightly smaller than New Jersey | about 17 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC |
| Background | Settled by both Britain and France during the first half of the 19th century, the island was made a French possession in 1853. It served as a penal colony for four decades after 1864. Agitation for independence during the 1980s and early 1990s seems to have dissipated. | Originally settled by Polynesian emigrants from surrounding island groups, the Tokelau Islands were made a British protectorate in 1889. They were transferred to New Zealand administration in 1925. |
| Birth rate | 20.37 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) | NA births/1,000 population |
| Budget | revenues:
$861.3 million expenditures: $735.3 million, including capital expenditures of $52 million (1996 est.) |
revenues: $430,830
expenditures: $2.8 million, including capital expenditures of $37,300 |
| Capital | Noumea | none; each atoll has its own administrative center |
| Climate | tropical; modified by southeast trade winds; hot, humid | tropical; moderated by trade winds (April to November) |
| Coastline | 2,254 km | 101 km |
| Constitution | 28 September 1958 (French Constitution) | administered under the Tokelau Islands Act of 1948, as amended in 1970 |
| Country name | conventional long form:
Territory of New Caledonia and Dependencies conventional short form: New Caledonia local long form: Territoire des Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances local short form: Nouvelle-Caledonie |
conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Tokelau |
| Currency | Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique franc (XPF) | New Zealand dollar (NZD) |
| Death rate | 5.62 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) | NA deaths/1,000 population |
| Debt - external | $79 million (1998 est.) | $0 |
| Dependency status | overseas territory of France since 1956 | self-administering territory of New Zealand; note - Tokelauans are drafting a constitution, developing institutions and patterns of self-government as Tokelau moves toward free association with New Zealand |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (overseas territory of France) | none (territory of New Zealand) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (overseas territory of France) | none (territory of New Zealand) |
| Disputes - international | Matthew and Hunter Islands east of New Caledonia claimed by France and Vanuatu | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $880 million annual subsidy from France | from New Zealand about $4 million annually |
| Economy - overview | New Caledonia has more than 20% of the world's known nickel resources. In recent years, the economy has suffered because of depressed international demand for nickel, the principal source of export earnings. Only a negligible amount of the land is suitable for cultivation, and food accounts for about 20% of imports. In addition to nickel, the substantial financial support from France and tourism are keys to the health of the economy. The situation in 1998 was clouded by the spillover of financial problems in East Asia and by lower prices for nickel. Nickel prices jumped in 1999-2000, and large additions were made to capacity. French Government interests in the New Caledonian nickel industry are being transferred to local ownership. | Tokelau's small size (three villages), isolation, and lack of resources greatly restrain economic development and confine agriculture to the subsistence level. The people rely heavily on aid from New Zealand - about $4 million annually - to maintain public services, annual aid being substantially greater than GDP. The principal sources of revenue come from sales of copra, postage stamps, souvenir coins, and handicrafts. Money is also remitted to families from relatives in New Zealand. |
| Electricity - consumption | 1.414 billion kWh (1999) | NA kWh |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh (1999) | - |
| Electricity - imports | 0 kWh (1999) | - |
| Electricity - production | 1.52 billion kWh (1999) | NA kWh |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel:
78.95% hydro: 21.05% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) |
fossil fuel: NA%
hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA% |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mont Panie 1,628 m |
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location 5 m |
| Environment - current issues | erosion caused by mining exploitation and forest fires | very limited natural resources and overcrowding are contributing to emigration to New Zealand |
| Ethnic groups | Melanesian 42.5%, European 37.1%, Wallisian 8.4%, Polynesian 3.8%, Indonesian 3.6%, Vietnamese 1.6%, other 3% | Polynesian |
| Exchange rates | Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique francs (XPF) per US dollar - 127.11 (January 2001), 129.44 (2000), 111.93 (1999), 107.25 (1998), 106.11 (1997), 93.00 (1996); note - linked at the rate of 119.25 XPF to the euro | New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 2.3535 (January 2002), 2.3776 (2001), 2.1863 (2000), 1.8886 (1999), 1.8632 (1998), 1.5083 (1997) |
| Executive branch | chief of state:
President of France Jacques CHIRAC (since 17 May 1995), represented by High Commissioner Thierry LATASTE (since 19 July 1999) head of government: President of the Government Jean LEQUES (since 28 May 1999) cabinet: Consultative Committee elections: French president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term; high commissioner appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the government elected by the members of the Territorial Congress |
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and New Zealand are represented by Administrator Lindsay WATT (since NA March 1993)
head of government: Aliki Faipule Pio TUIA (since NA 2002) cabinet: the Council of Faipule, consisting of three elected leaders - one from each atoll - functions as a cabinet elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade in New Zealand; the head of government is chosen from the Council of Faipule and serves a one-year term |
| Exports | $411 million (f.o.b., 1999) | $98,000 f.o.b. (1983) |
| Exports - commodities | ferronickels, nickel ore, fish | stamps, copra, handicrafts |
| Exports - partners | Japan 27%, France 17%, Taiwan 12%, South Korea 9% (1999) | NZ |
| Fiscal year | calendar year | 1 April - 31 March |
| Flag description | the flag of France is used | the flag of New Zealand is used |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $3 billion (1998 est.) | purchasing power parity - $1.5 million (1993 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture:
4% industry: 30% services: 66% (1997 est.) |
agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $15,000 (1998 est.) | purchasing power parity - $1,000 (1993 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | 3.5% (1998 est.) | NA% |
| Geographic coordinates | 21 30 S, 165 30 E | 9 00 S, 172 00 W |
| Geography - note | - | consists of three atolls, each with a lagoon surrounded by a number of reef-bound islets of varying length and rising to over three meters above sea level |
| Heliports | 6 (2000 est.) | - |
| Highways | total:
4,825 km paved: 2,287 km unpaved: 2,538 km (1999) |
total: NA km
paved: NA km unpaved: NA km |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Imports | $843 million (f.o.b., 1999) | $323,000 c.i.f. (1983) |
| Imports - commodities | transport equipment, machinery and electrical equipment, fuels, minerals, wine, sugar, rice | foodstuffs, building materials, fuel |
| Imports - partners | France 49%, Australia 14%, Singapore 6%, New Zealand 5%, US 5% (1999) | NZ |
| Independence | none (overseas territory of France); note - a referendum on independence was held in 1998 but did not pass | none (territory of New Zealand) |
| Industrial production growth rate | -0.6% (1996) | NA% |
| Industries | nickel mining and smelting | small-scale enterprises for copra production, woodworking, plaited craft goods; stamps, coins; fishing |
| Infant mortality rate | 8.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) | 38 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 1.5% (1998 est.) | NA% |
| International organization participation | ESCAP (associate), FZ, ICFTU, SPC, WFTU, WMO | SPC, UNESCO (associate), WHO (associate) |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 1 (2000) | 1 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | 160 sq km (1991) | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; County Courts; Joint Commerce Tribunal Court; Children's Court | Supreme Court in New Zealand exercises civil and criminal jurisdiction in Tokelau |
| Labor force | 79,395 (including 15, 018 unemployed, 1996) | NA |
| Labor force - by occupation | agriculture 7%, industry 23%, services 70% (1999 est.) | - |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land:
0% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 12% forests and woodland: 39% other: 49% (1993 est.) |
arable land: 0% (soil is thin and infertile)
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.) |
| Languages | French (official), 33 Melanesian-Polynesian dialects | Tokelauan (a Polynesian language), English |
| Legal system | the 1988 Matignon Accords grant substantial autonomy to the islands; formerly under French law | New Zealand and local statutes |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Territorial Congress or Congres Territorial (54 seats; members are members of the three Provincial Assemblies or Assemblees Provinciales elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 9 May 1999 (next to be held NA 2004) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPCR 24, FLNKS 12, UNI 6, FCCI 4, FN 4, Alliance pour la Caledonie 3, LKS 1 note: New Caledonia elects 1 seat to the French Senate; elections last held 27 September 1992 (next to be held NA September 2001); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - RPR 1; New Caledonia also elects 2 seats to the French National Assembly; elections last held 25 May-1 June 1997 (next to be held NA 2002); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - RPR 2 |
unicameral General Fono (48 seats; members chosen by each atoll's Council of Elders or Taupulega to serve three-year terms); note - the Tokelau Amendment Act of 1996 confers limited legislative power on the General Fono |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population:
73.02 years male: 70.08 years female: 76.11 years (2001 est.) |
total population: NA years
male: 68 years (2001) female: 70 years (2001) |
| Literacy | definition:
age 15 and over can read and write total population: 91% male: 92% female: 90% (1976 est.) |
NA |
| Location | Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia | Oceania, group of three atolls in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand |
| Map references | Oceania | Oceania |
| Maritime claims | exclusive economic zone:
200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Merchant marine | total:
1 ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,261 GRT/1,600 DWT ships by type: cargo 1 (2000 est.) |
none (2002 est.) |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of France | defense is the responsibility of New Zealand |
| Military branches | French Armed Forces (Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie); Police Force | - |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | $192.3 million (1996) | - |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | 5.3% (1996) | - |
| National holiday | Bastille Day, 14 July (1789) | Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840) |
| Nationality | noun:
New Caledonian(s) adjective: New Caledonian |
noun: Tokelauan(s)
adjective: Tokelauan |
| Natural hazards | cyclones, most frequent from November to March | lies in Pacific typhoon belt |
| Natural resources | nickel, chrome, iron, cobalt, manganese, silver, gold, lead, copper | NEGL |
| Net migration rate | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population |
| Political parties and leaders | Alliance pour la Caledonie [Didier LEROUX]; Developper Ensemble pour Construire l'Avenir or DEPCA [Robert FROUIN]; Federation des Comites de Coordination des Independantistes or FCCI [Leopald SOREDIE]; Front Uni de Liberation Kanak or FULK [Ernest UNE]; Groupe de l'Alliance Multiraciale or GAM [Dany DALMAYRAE]; Independance et Progres [Alphonse PUJAPUJANE]; Kanak Socialist Front for National Liberation or FLNKS [Rock WAMYTAN] (includes PALIKA, UNI, UC, and UPM); La Caledonie Autrement [Denis MILLIARD]; Loyalty Islands Development Front or FDIL [Cono HAMU]; National Front or FN [Guy GEORGE]; Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA [Charles WASHETINE]; Rally for Caledonia in the Republic or RPCR [Jacques LAFLEUR]; Rally for the Republic or RPR [leader NA]; Renouveau [Thierry VALET]; Socialist Kanak Liberation or LKS [Nidoish NAISSELINE]; Union Caledonienne or UC [Bernard LEPEU]; Union Nationale pour l'Independance or UNI [Paul NEAOUTYINE]; Union Progressiste Melanesienne or UPM [Andre GOPEA] | none |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | NA | none |
| Population | 204,863 (July 2001 est.) | 1,431 (July 2002 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 1.48% (2001 est.) | -0.92% (2002 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Mueo, Noumea, Thio | none; offshore anchorage only |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA
note: each atoll has a radio broadcast station of unknown type that broadcasts shipping and weather reports (1998) |
| Radios | 107,000 (1997) | 1,000 (1997) |
| Railways | 0 km | 0 km |
| Religions | Roman Catholic 60%, Protestant 30%, other 10% | Congregational Christian Church 70%, Roman Catholic 28%, other 2%
note: on Atafu, all Congregational Christian Church of Samoa; on Nukunonu, all Roman Catholic; on Fakaofo, both denominations, with the Congregational Christian Church predominant |
| Sex ratio | at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.89 male(s)/female total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
NA |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | 21 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment:
NA domestic: NA international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) |
general assessment: adequate
domestic: radiotelephone service between islands international: radiotelephone service to Samoa; government-regulated telephone service (TeleTok), with 3 satellite earth stations, established in 1997 |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 47,000 (1997) | NA |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 13,040 (1998) | 0 (2001) |
| Television broadcast stations | 6 (plus 25 low-power repeaters) (1997) | - |
| Terrain | coastal plains with interior mountains | low-lying coral atolls enclosing large lagoons |
| Total fertility rate | 2.48 children born/woman (2001 est.) | NA children born/woman |
| Unemployment rate | 19% (1996) | NA% |
| Waterways | none | none |
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